Publication ethics
Jurnal Cakrawala Bahasa is a journal aims to be a leading peer-reviewed platform and an authoritative source of information. We publish original research papers, review articles, and case studies on foreign languages and related themes that have not previously been published in any language and are not currently being reviewed for publication elsewhere. The following statement outlines the ethical behavior of all parties engaged in the process of publishing an article in this journal. This statement is based on the COPE Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editors.
Duties of Authors
- Reporting Standards: Writers are expected to provide a precise description of the original research conducted and offer an unbiased analysis of its importance. It is essential that researchers report their findings truthfully, avoiding any form of fabrication, distortion, or improper alteration of data. The manuscript must include adequate information and citations to allow others to reproduce the study. Deliberately misleading or false statements are considered unethical and are not tolerated. Additionally, manuscripts must adhere to the journal’s submission requirements.
- Originality and Plagiarism: Authors are responsible for ensuring that their paper is completely original. Submissions should not be sent to multiple publications at the same time unless prior agreement for co-publication has been obtained from the editors. All relevant prior research—whether by others or the authors themselves—must be properly credited and cited. Whenever possible, references should be made to primary sources. If exact phrases or sentences from other publications are used, they must be enclosed in quotation marks and appropriately referenced.
- Multiple, Redundant, or Concurrent Publications: In general, authors should avoid submitting the same manuscript to multiple journals at the same time. It is also expected that they will not publish duplicate manuscripts or papers that report the same research in more than one journal. Simultaneous submission of an identical manuscript to different journals is considered unethical and is not acceptable. If multiple publications result from a single research project, this should be clearly indicated, and the original publication must be properly cited.
- Acknowledgement of Sources: Authors are expected to recognize all data sources utilized in their research and to cite any publications that have significantly influenced the development of the reported study. Giving appropriate credit to the contributions of others is essential and must always be observed.
- Authorship of the Paper: The authorship of a research publication should truthfully represent each individual's contribution to the study and its presentation. Only those who have made meaningful contributions to the conception, design, execution, or interpretation of the research should be listed as authors. Individuals who have played a significant role should be named as co-authors, while those who contributed in a more limited or technical capacity should be acknowledged separately. Authors must also ensure that all listed co-authors have reviewed and approved the submitted version of the manuscript and have agreed to be included as co-authors.
- Disclosure and Conflicts of Interest: All authors must openly declare any financial or significant conflicts of interest in their manuscript that could be perceived as affecting the study’s results or interpretation. Additionally, all sources of financial support for the research must be fully disclosed.
- Fundamental Errors in Published Works: If an author identifies a major error or inaccuracy in the submitted manuscript, they are responsible for immediately informing the journal editor or publisher and working with them to retract or correct the publication as necessary.
- Hazards and Human or Animal Subjects: The author must clearly indicate in the manuscript if the research involves the use of chemicals, methods, or equipment that pose any unusual or inherent hazards.
Duties of Editor
- Publication Decisions: Based on the editorial board’s review, the editor has the authority to accept, reject, or request revisions to a manuscript. Decisions should be guided by the validity of the research and its relevance to the academic community and readership. Editors may follow the journal's editorial policies and must comply with applicable legal standards, including those related to defamation, copyright, and plagiarism. In reaching a decision, editors may consult with fellow editors or reviewers. They are also responsible for all published content and should implement procedures to uphold the quality and integrity of the journal's publications.
- Review of Manuscripts: The editor must ensure that each manuscript is first assessed for originality. They should manage the peer review process in a fair and thoughtful manner. Editors should clearly explain the peer review process in the author guidelines and specify which sections of the journal undergo peer review. Additionally, the editor should select qualified peer reviewers with relevant expertise for manuscripts under consideration and avoid choosing reviewers with potential conflicts of interest.
- Fair Play: The editor must ensure that each manuscript submitted to the journal is evaluated based solely on its intellectual content, without consideration of the author's sex, gender, race, religion, nationality, or other personal characteristics. A key aspect of making fair and impartial decisions is maintaining editorial independence and integrity. Given the significant role editors play in publication decisions, it is crucial that the process remains as fair and unbiased as possible.
- Confidentiality: The editor must ensure that all information related to submitted manuscripts is kept confidential. They should carefully evaluate any potential violations of data protection and patient confidentiality. This includes ensuring that informed consent for the research itself has been obtained and, where applicable, consent for publication.
- Disclosure and Conflicts of Interest: The journal editor will not use any unpublished material from a submitted manuscript for their own research without obtaining written permission from the author. Editors should refrain from making decisions on manuscripts in which they have a conflict of interest.
Duties of Reviewers
- Confidentiality: Information about manuscripts submitted by authors must be kept confidential and regarded as privileged. It should not be shared or discussed with others unless authorized by the editor.
- Acknowledgement of Sources: Reviewers must verify that authors have properly acknowledged all sources of data used in their research. They should also identify any relevant published work that the authors may have overlooked. Any claim that an observation, finding, or argument has been previously reported should be accompanied by the appropriate citation. Reviewers should promptly inform the journal if they identify any irregularities, have concerns about the ethical aspects of the work, notice substantial similarities between the manuscript and another submission or published article, or suspect misconduct in the research, writing, or submission process. However, reviewers should maintain confidentiality about their concerns and refrain from investigating further unless requested by the journal for additional information or advice.
- Standards of Objectivity: Manuscript reviews must be conducted impartially, with reviewers clearly presenting their opinions supported by well-founded arguments. Reviewers should adhere to the journal's guidelines regarding the type of feedback required, unless there are valid reasons not to. Their reviews should be constructive, offering suggestions that will help the authors improve their manuscript. Additionally, reviewers should specify which additional investigations are necessary to substantiate the claims made in the manuscript and which would merely enhance or extend the work.
- Disclosure and Conflict of Interest: Confidential information or ideas acquired through peer review must be kept private and not used for personal gain. Reviewers should avoid evaluating manuscripts where they have conflicts of interest due to competitive, collaborative, or other relationships with the authors, organizations, or institutions involved. In the case of double-blind review, if reviewers suspect the identity of the authors, they must inform the journal if this knowledge creates any potential conflict of interest.
- Promptness: Reviewers should provide their feedback within a reasonable time-frame. They should only agree to review a manuscript if they are confident they can complete the review within the agreed-upon time, notifying the journal promptly if they need an extension. If a reviewer believes they cannot complete the review within the specified time, they must inform the editor so that the manuscript can be reassigned to another reviewer.
