Teknik Budidaya, Intensitas Serangan Hama Bactrocera Spp., dan Produksi Jeruk Manis di Desa Wairoro Indah

Abstrak

The productivity of Siam Banjar sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) is influenced by cultivation practices and pest pressure, including infestation by Bactrocera spp. However, empirical evidence integrating cultivation practices, fruit fly trap catches, infestation intensity, and crop production in local agroecosystems remains limited. This study aimed to characterize cultivation practices, assess Bactrocera spp. catches and infestation intensity, and analyze the relationship between infestation intensity and orange production. An observational survey was conducted from January to May 2026 in three orchards in Wairoro Indah Village, Central Halmahera Regency, North Maluku, Indonesia, comprising 15 observation plots and 60 sampled trees. Cultivation practices were assessed using a composite index comprising eight components, while fruit flies were monitored for 12 weeks using methyl eugenol-baited traps. Infestation intensity was calculated as the proportion of infested fruits, and its relationship with production was analyzed using descriptive statistics, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and linear regression. The cultivation practice index ranged from 34.62 to 53.85, with a mean of 46.16 ± 8.60. A total of 16,038 Bactrocera spp. individuals were captured, while infestation intensity ranged from 3.83% to 11.34%. Infestation intensity differed significantly among orchards (p = 0.048) and was negatively associated with production (R² = 0.801, p < 0.001). These findings highlight the importance of orchard sanitation and fruit fly monitoring. However, the observed statistical association does not establish a causal relationship between infestation intensity and production.