Dampak El Nino Terhadap Pola Distribusi Ikan Karang dan Pelagis di Wilayah Samudra Pasifik

M Janib Achmad, Satria Krida Nugraha

Abstract


El Nino adalah salah satu fenomena yang berdampak pada perubahan suhu laut. Di wilayah Pasifik Timur Tropis (TEP), El Nino ditandai oleh suhu permukaan laut yang tinggi di wilayah tersebut. Ini memiliki dampak yang berbeda pada organisme laut di wilayah TEP, terutama pada ikan karang dan pelagis. Pelagis yang ditelitiselama El Nino 1972/73, 1982/83 dan 1997/98 memiliki kecenderungan untuk bermigrasi ke daerah yang lebih dingin. Beberapa jenis pelagis memiliki tingkat reproduksi yang berbeda selama El Nino. Sementara ikan karang, yang diketahui memiliki area tetap, memiliki respons berbeda selama terjadiEl Nino. Karena mereka tidak dapat bermigrasi, ikan karang perlu beradaptasi pada perubahan suhu selama El Nino. Akibatnya, selama El Nino jumlahpopulasiikan karang menurun, ini disebabkan oleh faktor reproduksi yang rendah dan jumlah makanan yang terbatas.

Kata Kunci :El Nino, Ikankarang,Pelagis, Tropical Eastern Pasific


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33387/jikk.v2i2.1421

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Address : Marine Science Study Program, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science - Khairun University, Ternate, North Maluku, Indonesia