LATIHAN PROPRIOSEPTIF PADA ANAK DENGAN AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER

Wiwik Yuliati

Sari


Latar belakang: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) adalah gangguan perkembangan pervasif yang terjadi pada anak usia dini, dilihat tanda dan gejalanya pada dua tahun pertama kehidupan. Anak dengan ASD mengalami kesulitan dalam mengintegrasikan informasi sensoris, termasuk indera proprioseptif. Defisit pemrosesan informasi sensori dapat menyebabkan defisit kemampuan motorik kasar. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh latihan proprioseptif dengan peningkatan kemampuan motorik kasar pada anak dengan Autism Spectrum Disorder. Desain Penelitian: Latihan proprioseptif pada penggunaan sinyal somatosensori yaitu proprioseptif atau taktil aferen tanpa melalui informasi dari bantuan atau modalitas lain seperti penglihatan. Jenis latihan yang diberikan meliputi latihan lompat trampoline, monkey climbing, pijat bola, dan gulung matras. Penelitian ini menggunakan one group pretest-postest pada 20 pasien ASD berusia 3-4 tahun yang sudah mendapatkan program latihan 2-3x/minggu selama 1 bulan. Hasil: Diperoleh nilai p = 0,000 (p < 0,01) antara skor Peabody Development Measurement Scale-2 sebelum dan sesudah diberikan latihan proprioseptif. Pembahasan: Terdapat pengaruh latihan proprioseptif terhadap peningkatan keterampilan motorik kasar.


Kata Kunci


Autism spectrum disorder, latihan proprioseptif, motorik kasar

Referensi


Aman, J.E., Elangovan, N., Yeh, I.L., Konczak, J., 2015. The effectiveness of proprioceptive training for improving motor function: A systematic review. Front. Hum. Neurosci. 8, 1–18. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2014.01075

Blumer, R., Carrero-Rojas, G., Calvo, P.M., Streicher, J., de la Cruz, R.R., Pastor, A.M., 2023. Proprioceptors in extraocular muscles. Exp. Physiol. 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1113/EP090765

Bordas-Martínez, J., Luzardo-González, A., Arencibia, A., Tormo, F., Matéu, L., Vicens-Zygmunt, V., Bermudo, G., Santos, S., Molina-Molina, M., Planas, R., Suarez-Cuartín, G., 2022. Effects of Early Physical Therapy and Follow-Up in Acute Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pneumonia: A Retrospective Observational Study. Front. Med. 9, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.866055

Gonzalez, S.L., Alvarez, V., Nelson, E.L., 2019. Do Gross and Fine Motor Skills Differentially Contribute to Language Outcomes? A Systematic Review. Front. Psychol. 10, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02670

Hodges, H., Fealko, C., Soares, N., 2020. Autism spectrum disorder: Definition, epidemiology, causes, and clinical evaluation. Transl. Pediatr. 9, S55–S65. https://doi.org/10.21037/tp.2019.09.09

Kuliński, W., Nowicka, A., 2020. Effects of Sensory Integration Therapy on Selected Fitness Skills in Autistic Children. Wiad. Lek. 73, 1620–1625. https://doi.org/10.36740/wlek202008106

Lourenço, C., Esteves, D., 2021. Inclusion Strategies : A Trampoline Program For Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder 1–14.

Marasco, P.D., De Nooij, J.C., 2023. Proprioception: A New Era Set in Motion by Emerging Genetic and Bionic Strategies? Annu. Rev. Physiol. 85, 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-physiol-040122-081302

Rosario, M.G., López, L., Méndez, M., Ababneh, A.F., Gonzalez-Sola, M., 2018. Proprioception and vestibular alterations affect postural control in children with mild Autism: A pilot study [version 1; peer review: 1 approved, 1 approved with reservations]. F1000Research 7, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.12688/F1000RESEARCH.14179.1

Roșca, A.M., Rusu, L., Marin, M.I., Ene Voiculescu, V., Ene Voiculescu, C., 2022. Physical Activity Design for Balance Rehabilitation in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Children 9. https://doi.org/10.3390/children9081152

Sortwell, A., Forte, P., Ramirez-campillo, R., Trimble, K., Steel, K., Brien, K.O., Neiva, H.P., n.d. Interventions to Promote the Development of Motor Performance Skills in Primary School Aged Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder : A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Controlled Trials 34–54.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.33387/kmj.v6i1.7091

Refbacks

  • Saat ini tidak ada refbacks.


##submission.copyrightStatement##


Journal PoliciesSubmissionsPeople
 Informatio

Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Khairun | Jl. Jusuf Abdulrahman Kotak Pos 53 Gambesi, Kota Ternate, Indonesia
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.