Effect of Blending Methods on the Mechanical Properties of PALF-Cotton Hybrid Yarns Produced via Open-End Spinning

Fahmi Fawzy Rusman, Mokh Afifuddin, Dedy Harianto, Sih Parmawati, Bambang Kusnadi, Agus Ardiyanto, Darmawan Hindardi

Abstract


The increasing demand for eco-friendly materials in the textile industry has led to greater attention on the use of natural fibers, such as pineapple leaf fiber (PALF), which is abundant as agricultural waste. However, its coarse structure and limited spinnability pose challenges in yarn manufacturing. This study aims to compare two fiber blending methods, sliver blending using a drawing frame and fiber blending using a blowing machine in the production of PALF-cotton hybrid yarns via an open-end spinning system. Both samples were prepared using a 50:50 PALF-cotton ratio and evaluated for yarn count, tenacity, and elongation. The results showed that the yarns blended through the blowing process demonstrated superior tenacity and more consistent yarn count. Statistical analysis using an independent sample t-test confirmed that these differences were significant (p < 0.05). Elongation values were also significantly higher in yarns processed using the blowing method. These findings highlight the importance of blending technique in improving fiber distribution, inter fiber cohesion, and overall yarn quality. It can be concluded that the blowing method offers a more effective strategy for producing sustainable PALF-cotton hybrid yarns, suitable for industrial scale applications. This research contributes to the advancement of sustainable textile processing and provides a practical reference for industries seeking to utilize agro waste fibers in yarn production.


Keywords


PALF, Hybrid yarn, Fiber blending method, Open-end spinning

Full Text:

PDF

References


Abdel, K. A. H., Fahmy, T. Y., & Kamel, S. (2025). Lignocellulosic reinforced composites: a snapshot of progress. Journal of Wood Chemistry and Technology, 45(4), 167–195. https://doi.org/10.1080/02773813.2025.2538620

Ashadujjaman, M., Saifullah, A., Shah, D. U., Zhang, M., Akonda, M., Karim, N., & Sarker, F. (2021). Enhancing the mechanical properties of natural jute yarn suitable for structural applications. Materials Research Express, 8(5). https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/abfd5e

Cao, Q., Zheng, G., & Yu, C. (2025). Study on the relationship between blending uniformity and yarn performance of blended yarn. Textile Research Journal, 95(7–8), 893–903. https://doi.org/10.1177/00405175241267769.

Fahad, Wijayono, A., & Abdillah, F. (2025). Pengaruh penggunaan pin spacer pada pemintalan compact ring spinning terhadap kualitas benang cotton Ne 30. Jurnal Tekstil: Jurnal Keilmuan dan Aplikasi Bidang Tekstil dan Manajemen Industri, 8(1), 29–34. https://doi.org/10.59432/jute.v8i1.135

Farhana, K., Kadirgama, K., Mahamude, A. S. F., & Mica, M. T. (2022). Energy consumption, environmental impact, and implementation of renewable energy resources in global textile industries: an overview towards circularity and sustainability. Materials Circular Economy, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42824-022-00059-1

Hossain, A., Mahmud, M. S., & Islam, M. R. (2024). A novel technique for the production of sustainable cotton/flax blended yarn and their quality analysis. Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics, 19. https://doi.org/10.1177/15589250241302434

Jain, J., & Sinha, S. (2022). Pineapple leaf fiber polymer composites as a promising tool for sustainable, eco-friendly composite material. Journal of Natural Fibers, 19(15), 10031–10052. https://doi.org/10.1080/15440478.2021.1993478

Kravaev, P., Stolyarov, O., Seide, G., & Gries, T. (2014). Influence of process parameters on filament distribution and blending quality in commingled yarns used for thermoplastic composites. Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials, 27(3), 350–363. https://doi.org/10.1177/0892705712446167

Liao, S., Chen, J., & Wang, X. (2025). An update on pineapple leaf fibers. Journal of Natural Fibers, 22(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/15440478.2025.2509129

Meena, H. C., Shakyawar, D. B., & Varshney, R. K. (2022). Low-stress mechanical properties of wool-cotton blended fabrics. Journal of Natural Fibers, 63–77. https://doi.org/10.1080/15440478.2020.1726252

Nayak, R., Jajpura, L., & Khandual, A. (2023). Traditional fibres for fashion and textiles: Associated problems and future sustainable fibres. In Sustainable fibres for fashion and textile manufacturing (pp. 3–25). Woodhead Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-824052-6.00013-5

Nurazizah, V., Wijayono, A., Rusman, F. F., Ikhsani, N., Pradifta, R. A., & Murti, W. (2025). Pengaruh jumlah twist per meter (TPM) dan rangkapan benang terhadap kinerja mekanis benang gintir. Metode: Jurnal Teknik Industri, 11(1), 171–180. Retrieved from https://www.ejournal.um-sorong.ac.id/index.php/metode/article/view/4311

Nurazzi, N. M., Asyraf, M. R. M., Fatimah Athiyah, S., Shazleen, S. S., Rafiqah, S. A., Harussani, M. M., & Khalina, A. (2021). A review on mechanical performance of hybrid natural fiber polymer composites for structural applications. Polymers, 13(13). 2170. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13132170

Pradifta, R. A., Murti, W., Rusman, F. F., Ikhsani, N., Wijayono, A., & Nurazizah, V. (2025). Studi pengukuran densitas gulungan benang dengan metode pengolahan citra digital. Jurnal Teknik SILITEK, 5(1), 363–373. https://doi.org/10.51135/xp9a4686

Rajesh, M. , & P. J. (2017). Mechanical properties of natural fiber braided yarn woven composite: comparison with conventional yarn woven composite. Journal of Bionic Engineering, 14(1), 141–150. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1672-6529(16)60385-2

Ray, S. , G. A. , & B. D. (2018). Effect of blending methodologies on cotton melange yarn quality. Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe, 5(131), 41–46. https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.2529

Rusman, F. F., Ikhsani, N., Wijayono, A., Nurazizah, V., Pradifta, R. A., & Murti, W. (2025). Analisis pengaruh jumlah rangkapan dan pemberian twist terhadap sifat mekanis benang kapas murni: Analisis Menggunakan Anova. Jurnal Penelitian Inovatif, 5(2), 889–900. https://doi.org/10.54082/jupin.1387

Rusman, F. F., Wijayono, A., Nurazizah, V., Murti, W., & Pradifta, R. A. (2025). Pengaruh konsentrasi NaOH dan waktu proses kostikasi terhadap pengurangan massa serat daun nanas. Journal of Research and Education Chemistry, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.25299/jrec.2025.vol7(1).21733

Sethupathi, M., Khumalo, M. V., Skosana, S. J., & Muniyasamy, S. (2024). Recent developments of pineapple leaf fiber (PALF) utilization in the polymer composites—a review. Separations, 11(8), 245.

Shahzad, A., & Nasir, S. U. (2016). Mechanical properties of natural fiber/synthetic fiber reinforced polymer hybrid composites. In Green biocomposites: manufacturing and properties (pp. 355–396). Cham: Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.3390/separations11080245

Tausif, M., Jabbar, A., Naeem, M. S., Basit, A., Ahmad, F., & Cassidy, T. (2018). Cotton in the new millennium: advances, economics, perceptions and problems. Textile Progress, 50(1), 1–66. https://doi.org/10.1080/00405167.2018.1528095

Thapliyal, D., Verma, S., Sen, P., Kumar, R., Thakur, A., Tiwari, A. K., & Arya, R. K. (2023). Natural fibers composites: origin, importance, consumption pattern, and challenges. Journal of Composites Science, 7(12). https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs7120506

Wang, H., Siddiqui, M. Q., & Memon, H. (2020). Physical structure, properties and quality of cotton. In Cotton science and processing technology: Gene, ginning, garment and green recycling (pp. 79–97). Singapore: Springer Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-9169-3_5

Wijayono, A., Nurazizah, V., Rusman, F. F., Ikhsani, N., Murti, W., & Pradifta, R. A. (2025). Pengaruh kecepatan delivery roll terhadap nilai densitas volume gulungan benang rangkap pada proses doubling. CENDEKIA: Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan, 5(3), 833–845. https://doi.org/10.51878/cendekia.v5i3.5544

Zardari, M. A., Mukwana, L. C., Memon, N. S., Soomro, A. A., Shaikh, T. A., Vistro, R., & Hanif, M. (2025). Variability in cotton fiber quality under innovated and traditional farming systems. Research Journal for Social Affairs, 3(2), 311–321. DOI: https://doi.org/10.71317/RJSA.003.02.0152

Zolkifflee, N. H., Roslan, M. N., Halip, J. A., Kamarudin, K., Shaari, M. F., & Aziz, A. N. (2024). The effect of spinning parameters and fiber blending ratio on the physical properties of pineapple leaf fiber (PALF)-Cotton Yarns. Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 32. https://doi.org/10.47836/pjst.32.S3.04




DOI: https://doi.org/10.33387/tjp.v14i2.10854

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2025 Fahmi Fawzy Rusman, Mokh Afifuddin, Dedy Harianto, Sih Parmawati, Bambang Kusnadi, Agus Ardiyanto, Darmawan Hindardi

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.


-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

           


      

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TECHNO: Jurnal Penelitian
Published by: LPPM Universitas Khairun
Addres : Jalan Yusuf Abdurrahman Kampus II Unkhair, Kelurahan Gambesi, 97722 Kecamatan Kota Ternate Selatan, Provinsi Maluku Utara, Email: techno@unkhair.ac.id | URL: http://ejournal.unkhair.ac.id/index.php/Techno 

  


Techno Jurnal Penelitian is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.