KEBIJAKAN PENGEMBANGAN USAHA BERKELANJUTAN BERBASIS SDGS SEBAGAI STRATEGI PENGUATAN EKOSISTEM BISNIS YANG INKLUSIF DAN BERDAYA SAING DI INDONESIA

Abstrak

Indonesia's economic development faces the challenge of maintaining economic growth while ensuring social, economic, and environmental sustainability. Micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) have a strategic position in addressing these challenges because they encompass around 99% of business units, contribute approximately 60.51% to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), and absorb nearly 97% of the national workforce. However, the significant role of MSMEs has not yet been fully matched by their ability to integrate sustainability principles, green innovation, digitalisation, social inclusion, and resource efficiency into their business models. This research aims to analyse how business development policies based on Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) can be used as a strategy to strengthen an inclusive and competitive business ecosystem in Indonesia. The research uses a qualitative approach through document analysis of government policies, official reports from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS), the National Development Planning Agency (Bappenas), the Financial Services Authority, the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, as well as national and international scientific literature. The analysis was conducted through data reduction, thematic categorisation, interpretation, and source triangulation. The study is also supported by bibliometric evidence based on VOSviewer from previous research on SDGs and business. The research findings indicate that sustainable business development policies need to shift from a business aid approach to ecosystem development that integrates sustainable financing, digitalisation, innovation, inclusive value chains, circular economy, strengthening human resource capacity, standardisation, and partnerships among government, private sector, academia, and society. The research identified five strategic pillars: policy and governance, sustainable financing, digital transformation and innovation, value chain inclusion, and green and circular economy. Strengthening these five pillars can enhance the ability of businesses to create economic value as well as social and environmental value. Thus, the implementation of the SDGs should not be positioned as an additional agenda for the business world, but as a strategic framework to build a productive, adaptive, inclusive, and competitive Indonesian business ecosystem in the long term.